China’s National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day

China’s National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day, including its background, purpose, and the activities typically carried out

National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day (May 12)

Background

National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day was established in 2009 by the State Council of China. The date May 12 was chosen to commemorate the Wenchuan Earthquake (also known as the 5.12 Earthquake), which struck Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008. The earthquake caused over 87,000 deaths and widespread destruction, prompting a national effort to strengthen disaster management and public preparedness.

Purpose

• The main objectives of this day are to:

• Enhance public awareness of natural disasters.

• Promote scientific knowledge of disaster prevention and mitigation.

• Strengthen emergency preparedness and response capabilities among citizens.

• Foster a culture of safety and resilience across society.

Nationwide Activities

To achieve these goals, a variety of events and programs are organized every year at the national and local levels:

1. Publicity and Education Campaigns

• Media broadcasts on TV, radio, and the internet disseminate information about disaster risks and safety tips.

• Educational posters, pamphlets, and videos are distributed in schools, workplaces, and public spaces.

• Mobile apps and online platforms share interactive resources on disaster knowledge and emergency procedures.

2. Emergency Drills

• Earthquake evacuation drills are carried out in schools, hospitals, office buildings, and communities.

• Fire, flood, typhoon, and landslide response exercises are also conducted based on regional risk profiles.

• Search and rescue simulations involve professional teams and volunteers, demonstrating real-time coordination.

3. Training Programs

• Workshops and lectures are held to teach self-rescue techniques, first aid, and emergency response skills.

• Special focus is placed on vulnerable groups, such as children, the elderly, and people with disabilities.

• Government officials and emergency responders undergo specialized training in disaster management.

4. Exhibitions and Demonstrations

Disaster science exhibitions showcase models, maps, and tools used in monitoring and managing disasters.

Live demonstrations by firefighters, paramedics, and rescue teams help citizens understand real-life emergency procedures.

5. Community Engagement

• Local governments partner with schools, NGOs, and volunteer organizations to mobilize communities.

• Disaster response teams are introduced to the public to improve familiarity and trust.

• Events such as essay contests, drawing competitions, and knowledge quizzes engage youth and promote awareness.

Impact

• These annual activities have significantly improved the public’s:

• Awareness of disaster risks

• Preparedness for emergencies

Capacity for self-rescue and mutual aid

China continues to integrate disaster risk reduction into national education, urban planning, and technological innovation, aligning with the goals of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015–2030).